Rachel Maddow (born April 1, 1973, Castro Valley, California, U.S.) is an American liberal political commentator and radio and television personality, host of The Rachel Maddow Show (2008– ) on the cable television channel MSNBC.

Maddow grew up in the San Francisco Bay area with her attorney father and school-administrator mother. She attended Stanford University, where she earned a B.A. in public policy (1994). As a graduating senior, she won the John Gardner Fellowship award for public service, which provided a stipend, mentorship, and placement for a 10-month period in a public service organization. Maddow worked with the AIDS Legal Referral Panel in San Francisco and became a prison AIDS advocate. While in college, she decided to come out as a lesbian by posting copies of an open letter to the community throughout her dormitory. In 1995 she attended the University of Oxford as a Rhodes scholar. She received a doctorate (D.Phil.) in politics in 2001; her dissertation was titled “HIV/AIDS and Health Care Reform in British and American Prisons.”

Before finishing her degree, Maddow moved back to the United States, settling in western Massachusetts. There she resumed her AIDS prison advocacy and held a succession of odd jobs while continuing to write her dissertation. Eventually she answered a local radio station’s open audition call for a “news girl” on a morning show in Holyoke, Massachusetts, and won the job. Maddow was the host’s on-air sidekick for about a year before getting her own show at a Northampton station. In the meantime, she finished her dissertation and was awarded her doctorate. In 2004, when Maddow was working as a morning disc jockey, a friend gave tapes of her work to a host on the fledgling Air America liberal radio network.

Maddow was hired immediately as a news reader and soon became cohost of Unfiltered with Lizz Winstead and Chuck D. After that show’s cancellation in 2005, she was given her own, self-titled weekday show, which aired originally for one hour and later for two. She quickly built her reputation as an issue-oriented, fair-minded, left-leaning “policy wonk.” While continuing her radio work, in 2005 she began appearing on conservative Tucker Carlson’s MSNBC talk program. Engaging in polite but often heated discussions with Carlson, she cemented her image as a formidable debater.

Over the next several years Maddow also made frequent guest appearances on other cable news and discussion shows as a representative of the political left. After the cancellation of Carlson’s show in 2008, she became a frequent guest host on another MSNBC political-opinion program, Countdown with Keith Olbermann. She quickly gained popularity with the audience, and the common expectation that she would soon be given her own show came true within a few years of her television debut.

The Rachel Maddow Show, a mixture of news, opinion, and entertainment, debuted on MSNBC on September 8, 2008. That year she also appeared regularly as a panelist on MSNBC’s presidential campaign show, Race for the White House, whose audio was simulcast on Air America as the first hour of her nightly radio program; Maddow’s radio show ended with the demise of Air America in 2010. Maddow was considered a notably well-prepared and well-informed host—one who interviewed people from across the political spectrum, the arts, and academia and covered topics from comic books to economic policy. While she did not hold back regarding the liberal opinions she held and advocated on radio and television, she was known for expressing them with a sense of humour and with a lack of bluster that was unusual in the world of politically oriented programming.

In 2012 Maddow published the book Drift: The Unmooring of American Military Power, a wide-ranging examination of U.S. military policy from the Vietnam War to the Afghanistan War. In Blowout: Corrupted Democracy, Rogue State Russia, and the Richest, Most Destructive Industry on Earth (2019), she posited that the gas and oil industry was undermining democracy. Maddow’s next book, Bag Man: The Wild Crimes, Audacious Cover-Up, and Spectacular Downfall of a Brazen Crook in the White House (2020; written with Michael Yarvitz), was based on her popular podcast about Vice Pres. Spiro Agnew, who was forced to resign in 1973 as he faced various federal indictments.